Sport utility vehicle

A sport utility vehicle, or SUV, is a type of passenger vehicle which combines the load-hauling and versatility of a pickup truck with the passenger-carrying space of a minivan, hatchback, station wagon or large sedan. Most SUVs are designed with a roughly square cross-section, an engine compartment, a combined passenger and cargo compartment, and no dedicated trunk. Most mid-size and full-size SUVs have 5 or more seats, and a cargo area directly behind the last row of seats. Mini SUVs, such as the Jeep Wrangler, may have fewer seats.

It is known in some countries as an off-roader or four wheel drive, often abbreviated to 4WD or 4x4, and pronounced "four-by-four". More recently, SUVs designed primarily for driving on roads have grown in popularity. A new category, the crossover SUV uses car components for lighter weight and better fuel economy. Not to be confused with CUV (Crossover Utility Vehicle), SUVs are specially designed for off road purpose.SUVs became popular in the United States, Canada, and Australia in the 1990s and early 2000s. U.S. automakers could enjoy profit margins of $10,000 per SUV, while losing a few hundred dollars on a compact car.In Australia, SUV sales were helped by the fact that SUVs had much lower import duty than passengers cars did, so that they cost less than similarly equipped imported sedans. However, this gap was gradually narrowed, and in January 2010 the import duty on cars was lowered to match the 5 percent duty on SUVs.

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Although designs vary, SUVs have historically been mid-size passenger vehicles with a body-on-frame chassis similar to that found on light trucks. Early SUVs were mostly two door models, and were available with removable tops. However, with market and regulatory forces pushing the SUV market towards four doors. By 1999, all full-size two door SUVs were gone from the market. As of 2011, only the Jeep Wrangler remains as a two-door SUV, although Jeep also offers a four door variant. Since the mid 90s, the two door SUV market was cannabalized by the four door SUV. Two door SUVs were mostly carry-over models, and they were not viewed as viable enough to redesign at the end of their design cycle. They generally were not promoted heavily during this time, leading to even hardcore off-roaders purchasing 4 door models. Most SUVs are designed with an engine compartment, a combined passenger and cargo compartment, and no dedicated trunk such as in a station wagon body. Most mid-size and full-size SUVs have three rows of seats with a cargo area directly behind the last row of seats. SUVs are known for high ground clearance, upright, boxy body, and high H-point. This can make them more likely to roll over due to their high center of gravity. Bodies of SUVs have recently become more aerodynamic, but the sheer size and weight keeps their fuel economy poor.

SUVs are often driven in places such as the Australian Outback, Africa, the Middle East, Alaska, northern Canada, western United States, Iceland, South America, and parts of Asia which have limited paved roads and require a vehicle to have all-terrain handling, increased range, and storage capacity. The scarcity of spare parts and the need to carry out repairs quickly resulted in the popularity of vehicles with the bare minimum of electric and hydraulic systems, such as the basic versions of the Land Rover, Jeep Wrangler, and Toyota Land Cruiser. SUVs for urban driving have traditionally been developed from their more rugged all-terrain counterparts. For example, the Hummer H1 was developed from the HMMWV, originally developed for the military of the United States

History[]

Unlike a pickup truck (US term) that has an enclosed cabin, and a back end made up of a cargo bed that is enclosed by three low walls with no roof (this cargo bed back end sometimes consists of a tailgate and removable covering), such as Agrale Marruá, AM General Humvee C-Series, BAW Luling, Bremach T-Rex, Chang'an Star Truck, Chevrolet S-10, Chevrolet Colorado, Chevrolet D-Max, Chevrolet C/K, Chevrolet LSSV (Milverado), Chevrolet Silverado 1500, Chevrolet Silverado 1500 Hybrid, Chevrolet Silverado 2500 HD, Chevrolet Silverado 3500 HD, Chevrolet Montana, Dacia Duster Pick-Up, Datsun 220, Daewoo Damas/Labo, Daihatsu Hijet Truck, Dongfeng Rich, DR PK8, Evo Cross 4, Fisker Alaska, Ford F-150, Ford F-150 Lightning, Ford F-150 Raptor, Ford Maverick, Fiat Fullback, Foday Lion F22, Ford Ranger, Ford F-250, Ford F-350, Ford F-450, Ford F-550, Fiat Toro, Fiat Strada, Fiat Titano, Foton Tunland, GMC Canyon, GMC Hummer EV, GMC Sierra 1500, GMC Sierra 2500, GMC Sierra 3500, GMC Sierra Hybrid, Gonow GA200, Great Wall King Kong Cannon, Great Wall Deer, Great Wall Pao, Great Wall V240 (Wingle 3), Great Wall Wingle 5, Great Wall Wingle 6 (Steed), Hafei Ruiyi, Hino Briska, Datsun 220, Higer Longwei, Holden Colorado, Honda Acty Truck, Honda Ridgeline, Huanghai N3, Hyundai Porter Truck, Hyundai Santa Cruz, IKCO Arisun, Iran Khodro Bardo, Isuzu D-Max, International Harvester Travelette, JAC Hunter, Jeep Gladiator (SJ), Jeep Gladiator (JT), Kia Bongo Truck, Lordstown Endurance, Lincoln Mark LT, Mazda BT-50, Mahindra Scorpio Pickup, Mahindra Bolero Truck, Maxus T60, Maxus T90, Mercedes-Benz X-Class, Mitsubishi Minicab, Mitsubishi Triton, International MXT Cargo, International MXT-MVA, Nissan Clipper, Nissan Frontier, Nissan NP200, Nissan Hardbody Truck, Nissan Navara, Nissan Titan, Polarsun SZS, Qingling Taga, Radar RD6, Ram 750, Ram 1000, Ram 1500, Ram 1500 Laramie Limited, Ram 1500 Rebel, Ram 2500, Ram Power Wagon, Ram 3500, Renault Duster Oroch, Rivian R1T, SCAM Iveco Daily 4x4, SsangYong Actyon Sports, Subaru Sambar Truck, SsangYong Musso, Toyota Stout, TAV Gurkha Pickup, Tata Ace, Tata TL, Tata Xenon, Tiger Star, Toyota Hilux, Toyota Land Cruiser 79, Toyota Tacoma, Toyota Tundra, UAZ Pickup, Uri Desert Runner, VIS-2349, VIS-2346, Volkswagen Saveiro, Volkswagen Amarok, Workhorse W-15, ZX Admiral, ZX Grandtiger, and ZX Grandtiger F1 The earliest examples of longer-wheelbase wagon-type SUVs were the Chevrolet Carryall Suburban (1935), GAZ-61 (1938), Willys Jeep Wagon (1948), Pobeda M-72 (GAZ-M20/1955), which Russian references credit as possibly being the first modern SUV, International Harvester Travelall (1953), Land Rover Series II 109 (1958), and the International Harvester Scout 80 (1961). These were followed by the more 'modern' Jeep Wagoneer (1963), International Harvester Scout II (1971), Ford Bronco (1966), Toyota Land Cruiser FJ-55 (1968), the Chevrolet Blazer / GMC Jimmy (1969), and the Land Rover Range Rover (1970).According to the transportation curator at the Henry Ford Museum, Robert Casey, the Jeep Cherokee (XJ) was the first true sport utility vehicle in the modern understanding of the term.Marketed to urban families as a substitute for a traditional car, the Chrerokee had four-wheel drive in a more manageable size (compared to the full-size Wagoneer), as well as a plush interior resembling a station wagon.

File:2008 Mercury Mariner.jpg

Mercury Mariner a Compact Luxury SUV

Sport utility vehicle

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