Toyota UZ engine

The Toyota UZ engine family is a 32-valve quad-camshaft V8 piston engine series used in Toyota's luxury offerings and sport utility vehicles. Three basic versions have been produced, the 1UZ-FE, 2UZ-FE, and 3UZ-FE. With the UZ being phased out in favor of the UR design, the 3UZ-FE is the only variant still being produced, and its only remaining application is the Lexus SC430. A modified version of the 3UZ-FE was used in GT500 race vehicles. The first variant of the Toyota UZ engine, the 1UZ-FE, was introduced in 1989 with the original Lexus LS 400 (Toyota Celsior in JDM).

1UZ-FE
The 4.0 L (3,968 cc/242.1 cu in) all-alloy 1UZ-FE debuted in 1989 in the first generation Lexus LS 400/Toyota Celsior and the engine was progressively released across a number of other models in the Toyota/Lexus range. The engine is oversquare by design, with a bore size of 87.5 mm (3.44 in) and stroke of 82.5 mm (3.25 in). It has proved to be a strong, reliable and smooth powerplant with features such as 6-bolt main bearings and belt-driven quad-camshafts. The water pump is also driven by the cam belt. The connecting rods and crankshaft are constructed of steel. The pistons are hypereutectic.

Its resemblance to a race engine platform (6 bolt cross mains and over square configuration) was confirmed in 2007 by David Currier, vice president of TRD USA, stating that the 1UZ platform was based on CART/IRL engine design. It was planned to be used on GT500 vehicles, however its subsequent use in the Daytona Prototype use was not planned.

In its standard, original trim with 10:1 compression, power output is 191 kW (256 hp), torque of 353 N·m (260 ft·lbf).

The engine was slightly revised in 1995 with lighter connecting rods and pistons and an increased compression ratio to 10.4:1 resulting in peak power of 195 kW (261 hp) and torque of 363 N·m (268 lb·ft).

In 1997, Toyota's VVT-i variable valve timing technology was introduced along with a further CR increase to 10.5:1, bumping power and torque to 216 kW (290 hp) and 407 N·m (300 ft·lbf). In the GS400 application, output was rated at 300 hp and 310 ft-lb of torque.

The 1UZ-FE was voted to the Ward's 10 Best Engines list for 1998 through 2000.

Applications:
 * 1989–2000 Lexus LS 400/Toyota Celsior
 * 1990–2002 Toyota Crown/Toyota Crown Majesta
 * 1991–2000 Lexus SC 400/Toyota Soarer
 * 1992–2000 Lexus GS 400/Toyota Aristo
 * Toyota MR2 Le Mans Car

2UZ-FE
The 2UZ-FE was a 4.7 L (4,664 cc/284.6 cu in) cast iron block version built in Tahara, Aichi, Japan and at Toyota Motor Manufacturing Alabama. Designed for low-reving, high-torque SUV applications, its bore is 94 mm (3.7 in) and stroke is 84 mm (3.3 in). Output varies by implementation, but one VVT-i variant produces 202 kW (271 hp) at 4800 rpm with 427 N·m (315 ft·lbf) of torque at 3400 rpm. JDM versions produce 173 kW (232 hp) at 4800 rpm and 422 N·m (311 ft·lbf) at 3600 rpm, while Australian models produce 170 kW (230 hp) at 4800 rpm and 410 N·m (300 ft·lbf) at 3600 rpm.

Like the 1UZ-FE it has aluminum DOHC cylinder heads, MFI fuel injection, 4 valves per cylinder with bucket tappets, one-piece cast camshafts, and a cast aluminum intake manifold. For 2010, it was replaced by the 1UR-FE in all applications.

Applications:
 * 2003–2004 Lexus GX 470
 * 1998–2005 Lexus LX 470
 * 1998–2005 Toyota Land Cruiser
 * 2003–2004 Toyota 4Runner
 * 2000–2004 Toyota Tundra
 * 2001–2004 Toyota Sequoia

Toyota Racing Development offered a bolt-on supercharger kit for the 2000-2003 Tundra and the 2003 GX 470.

Another 2UZ-FE variation adds VVT-i and electronic throttle control.

Applications:
 * 2005–2009 Lexus GX 470
 * 2006–2007 Lexus LX 470
 * 2005–2009 Toyota 4Runner
 * 2006–2007 Toyota Land Cruiser
 * 2005–2009 Toyota Tundra
 * 2005–2009 Toyota Sequoia

3UZ-FE
The final UZ engine still being produced, the 3UZ-FE, is a 4.3 L (4,292 cc/261.9 cu in) version built in Japan. Bore is 91 mm (3.6 in) and stroke is 82.5 mm (3.25 in). Output is 216 to 224 kW (290 to 300 hp) at 5600 rpm with 441 N·m (325 ft·lbf) of torque at 3400 rpm. It has an aluminum engine block and aluminum DOHC cylinder heads. It uses SEFI fuel injection, has 4 valves per cylinder with VVT-i. It replaced the 3S-GTE as the engine that powers Toyota's Super GT race cars. In 2003, the engine was linked to a six-speed automatic in applications with improved fuel efficiency.

Applications:
 * Lexus LS 430
 * Lexus GS 430
 * Lexus SC 430/Toyota Soarer
 * Toyota Crown Majesta
 * Super GT
 * Toyota Supra GT500 Race Car
 * Lexus SC 430 GT500 Race Car

Derivatives
In 1997, the US Federal Aviation Administration granted production certification for the FV2400-2TC, a twin-turbocharged airplane powerplant based on the UZ series Lexus engine. The 360 hp (270 kW) FV2400 was developed in partnership with Hamilton Standard, which provided the digital engine-control system. The goal was to produce a four-seat propeller aircraft.

In 1998, an marine derivative of the UZ powerplant was produced for boating applications. The 4.0 L VT300i engine, producing 300 hp (220 kW) at 6000 rpm and 310 ft·lbf (420 N·m) at 4200 rpm, used the same block as the UZ engine on the Lexus SC 400, GS 400, and LS 400. The marine engine was used on the Toyota Epic waterski boat.

Unique Attributes
If there are any features of this vehicle that sets it apart from other vehicles in its class, then mention those unique attributes here.

Criticisms
Please make sure to keep critiques in a third-person point of view. If using criticisms from a reputable automotive source, then please make sure to cite the quote.

Worldwide
If the vehicle is sold in other markets worldwide, then this is the section to mention that information. Also, mention if the  goes by another name in these other markets.

Design quirks and oddities
Refer to any pop-culture tidbits about the vehicle in this section.

Awards
List out notable awards that the model has recieved while in production. Boldface the company or orgainization that gives out the award, and Italicize the name of the award.